Pathological Insights into Liquid Biopsy: Role of Circulating Tumor DNA in Oral Cancer Prognosis and Therapy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36283/ziun-pjmd14-2/019Keywords:
Oral Cancer , Circulating Tumor DNA , Liquid Biopsy , Cancer Biomarkers , Tumor ProgressionAbstract
Background: Oral cancer exists as a major international health challenge. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) represents a non-invasive biomarker through liquid biopsy because it enables cancer detection disease monitoring and therapy response assessment. This study aimed at Pathological Insights into Liquid Biopsy by evaluating the role of circulating tumor DNA in oral cancer Prognosis and Therapy.
Methods: The research implemented an ethical-approved (CIIT-RBM/006/ISB) cross-sectional method from June to December 2024 to obtain 80 EDTA blood plasma samples from oral cancer patients mainly at Shaikh Zayed Hospital Lahore and PIMS Hospital Islamabad using consecutive sampling technique. firstly cell-free DNA was extracted followed by targeted sequencing to detect mutations that are specific to tumors. Using SPPS version 26. this study established a < 0.001 p-value as its statistical threshold using one-way ANOVA.
Results: The research identified different types of mutations in ctDNA which are linked to both disease progression stages and therapeutic outcomes. Patients who had advanced cancer showed increased quantities of ctDNA in their blood as those with therapy responses experienced decreased levels of ctDNA. Oral cancer prognosis applications together with therapeutic monitoring obtain backing from these findings of ctDNA assessment data.
Conclusion: The study demonstrated clinically significant evidence that ctDNA serves as a dependable biomarker for primary diagnosis which can be easily accessed through non-invasive methods in oral cancer cases. Ongoing large-scale studies should be followed to validate the discovered findings while developing consistent clinical procedures.
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