Factors Associated with Knee OA and Evaluating Its Management Option in Local Population

Abstract

Background of the study: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a major cause of disability, especially among middle-aged and older adults, influenced by factors like age, gender, obesity, and occupational stress. However, data on treatment preferences and management outcomes in Pakistan are limited. This study aims to identify associated factors, evaluate treatment preferences, and assess the effectiveness of common management options for knee OA in the local population.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Pakistan from September to December 2020, targeting individuals aged 45 and above with primary knee osteoarthritis (OA) lasting over 3 months. The WOMAC questionnaire assessed OA severity. Participants were selected based on gender and OA diagnosis, and data was collected through face-to-face interviews after informed consent. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 22.

 Results: The average age of participants was 51.84±13.2 years, with females more affected (71.2%) than males (28.8%). Housewives (59.5%) were the most impacted, followed by office employees (7%). Medication had the best response (57.7%), followed by physical therapy (19.8%). The mean WOMAC score was 44.93.

Conclusion: The study identifies key factors associated with knee osteoarthritis, including age, obesity, inactivity, joint overuse, and past injuries. Orphenadrine, a muscle relaxant, was the most commonly used treatment, followed by physical therapy, which plays a crucial role in rehabilitation and pain management. Injections were the least preferred option.