Assessing Atraumatic Versus Conventional Restorative Treatment For Dental Caries In Deciduous Molars: A Comparative Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36283/ziun-pjmd14-3/023Keywords:
ART restoration, conventional restoration, children, deciduous molar, dental cariesAbstract
Background: Dental caries is common problem seen in children. Treatment options such as atraumatic and conventional restorative techniques are usually performed among such children. This study aimed to determine the success rate associated with these restorative techniques.
Methodology: This descriptive randomized comparative study was performed in the Department of Operative Dentistry, Bolan Medical College, Quetta for a period of 6 months in children. A total of 110 patients were selected through a simple random technique between the age of 04 years to 09 years, who had class 1 dental caries/carious lesion in deciduous molars, and of either gender. Two treatment options (ART vs. Conventional restorative technique) compared for their success rate. Baseline and clinical data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 26.0 and a comparison between two tests were assessed using chi-square test with level of significance set as <0.05.
Results: Equal numbers of ART (50%, n = 65) and conventional restorative techniques (50%, n = 45) were used. The overall mean age was 6.12±09 years with girl predominance (n = 61, 55.45%) as compared to boys (n = 49, 44.54%), p value 0.03. In a group of children treated with ART restoration, the success rate was 78.46% (n = 51) as compared to conventional restoration (71.11%, n = 32), p value 0.77.
Conclusion: This study shows higher success rates of atraumatic restorative treatment among children with deciduous molars. Girls were more likely to experience dental caries than boys.
References
1.Mazurkiewicz D, Pustułka M, Ambrozik‑Haba J, Bienkiewicz M. Dietary habits and oral hygiene as determinants of the incidence and intensity of dental caries—a pilot study. Nutrients. Nov 2023;15(22):4833. DOI: 10.3390/nu15224833
2. Shoaee S, Ghasemi E, Sofi‑Mahmudi A, Shamsoddin E, Tovani‑Palone MR, Roshani S, et al. Global, regional, and national burden and quality of care index (QCI) of oral disorders: a systematic analysis of the global burden of disease study 1990–2017. BMC Oral Health. Jan 2024;24(1):116. DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03808-z
3. Siddiqui AA, Alshammary F, Mulla M, Al‑Zubaidi SM, Afroze E, Amin J, et al. Prevalence of dental caries in Pakistan: a systematic review and meta‑analysis. BMC Oral Health. 2021;21(1):450. DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01918-0 (month not available)
4. Shokravi M, Khani‑Varzgan F, Asghari‑Jafarabadi M, Erfanparast L, Shokrvash B. The impact of child dental caries and associated factors on child and family quality of life. Int J Dent. 2023;2023:4335796. DOI: 10.1155/2023/4335796.
5. Dipalma G, Inchingolo AM, Casamassima L, Nardelli P, Ciccarese D, De Sena P, et al. Effectiveness of dental restorative materials in the atraumatic treatment of carious primary teeth in pediatric dentistry: a systematic review. Children (Basel). Apr 2025;12(4):511. DOI: 10.3390/children12040511
6. Wei X, Lin Z, Peng S. The effect of root canal preparation with nickel‑titanium rotary instruments in reducing post‑operative pain. West China J Stomatol. 2003;21:202‑4.
7. Koaban A, Alotaibi SS, Abu Nakha KM, Bin Huraib S, Alhassan MH, Rubayan AR, et al. Orthodontic space management in pediatric dentistry: a clinical review. Cureus. Dec 2024;16(12):e76026. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.76026.
8. Rai A, Sundas S, Dhakal N, Khapung A. Assessment of dental caries based on ICDAS and WHO criteria: a comparative study. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2024;34(1):77‑84.
9. Shaffer JR, Leslie EJ, Feingold E, Govil M, McNeil DW, Crout RJ, et al. Caries experience differs between females and males across age groups in Northern Appalachia. Int J Dent. 2015;2015:938213.
10. Țuculină MJ, Bănățeanu AM, Staicu AN, Popescu AD, Abdul‑Razzak J, Dascălu IT, et al. Clinical statistical study on the prevalence of carious lesions in first permanent molars. J Clin Med. 2025;14(3):669.
11. Papadaki S, Douglas GVA, HaniBani A, Kang J. Gender differences in caries and periodontal status in UK children. medRxiv. Mar 2021;2021.03.24.21253842. DOI: 10.1101/2021.03.24.21253842 (preprint)
12. Karuveettil V, Krishna K, Ramanarayanan V. Is gender a risk factor for oral diseases in India? A metadata exploration. Public Health Toxicol. 2022;2(1):1‑14.
13. Mamani SJT, Mukamurigo J, Uwambaye P, Andegiorgish AK. Prevalence of dental caries and associated factors among secondary school students in Kigali, Rwanda: a cross‑sectional study. BMC Oral Health. 2025;25(1):285.
14. Bhardwaj V, Vaid S, Chug A, Jhingta P, Negi N, Sharma D. Prevalence of dental caries among five‑year‑old school children in Shimla city, Himachal Pradesh. Eur J Gen Dent. 2012;1:34.
15. Lukacs JR, Largaespada LL. Explaining sex differences in dental caries prevalence: saliva, hormones, and “life‑history” etiologies. Am J Hum Biol. 2006;18(4):540‑55.
16. Adhikari BR, Shakya M, Bhatta N, Upadhya S, Mahanta SK. Dental caries on deciduous molars among children visiting dental outpatient department of a tertiary care centre. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc. 2023;61(268):919‑22.
17. Tahir A, Jahangir RP, Ahad A, editors. Determinants of dental caries in primary school‑going children of Multan. Multan: 2018.
18. Davidson KW, Barry MJ, Mangione CM, Cabana M, Caughey AB, Davis EM, et al. Screening and interventions to prevent dental caries in children younger than 5 years: USPSTF recommendation statement. JAMA. 2021;326(21):2172‑8.
19. Robaian A, Alotaibi NM, Allaboon AK, AlTuwaijri DS, Aljarallah AF, Alshehri RS, et al. Factors influencing dentists' choice of restorative materials for single‑tooth crowns: survey among Saudi practitioners. Med Sci Monit. 2024;30:e942723.
20. Limena A, Reschini M, Invernici D, Parazzini F, Li Piani L, Viganò P, et al. Return rate following a live birth obtained with ART: frequency and determinants. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2024;309(4):1621‑7.
21. de França Lopes CMC, Schubert EW, Martins AS, Loguercio AD, Reis A, Chibinski ACR, et al. Randomized clinical trial of ART Class II restorations using two glass ionomer cements: one‑year follow‑up. Pediatr Dent. 2018;40(2):98‑104.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the CreativeCommons Attribution License (CC BY) 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Metrics
How to Cite
