DEPRESSION AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AMONG PEOPLE HAVING COVID-19 UNDERGONE QUARANTINE
Keywords:
Depression, adults, psychological wellbeing, under-gone, quarantine, covid-19Abstract
Aims Of Study: Coronavirus is a potentially deadly disease that mostly affects human lung tissue. Multiple cases of unexplained respiratory tract infections were reported to the World Health Organization China in December 2019. The focus of this research was to assess association between depression and PWB in patients who had been isolated due to covid-19.
Methodology: A sample of 250 people with covid-19 post quarantine, with age ranges from 25 to 45 were selected by using purposive sampling methods. Depression, anxiety, stress scale and psychological well-being scales were administered. Regression analysis and t-test were employed for statistical analysis.
Results: Obtained results evidenced that depression is significantly predict psychological health in the covid-19 population [B= -.015, -.019, F (7.915) sig= .000]. Gender difference is also observed in variable of depression also [(4.78) =.030, p.000].
Limitations and future implications: Future research may base on longitudinal analyses focusing on familial and social factors that may influence the psychological well-being of people living in quarantine.
Originality: I certify that the intellectual substance of this article is the result of my own effort and that all assistance and sources used in the preparation of this article have been acknowledged.
Conclusion:
It was concluded that Depression affects people with COVID-19 and PWB after quarantine. future research may focus more on the influence of the interaction between quarantine and adults’ mental health to fully comprehend the link.
References
World Health Organization. World health statistics 2010. World Health Organization; 2010 May 10.
Moghanibashi-Mansourieh A. Assessing the anxiety level of Iranian general population during COVID-19 outbreak. Asian journal of psychiatry. 2020 Jun 1;51: pp 102076.
Lui G, Ling L, Lai CK, Tso EY, Fung KS, Chan V, Ho TH, Luk F, Chen Z, Ng JK, Chow KM. Viral dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 across a spectrum of disease severity in COVID-19. Journal of Infection. 2020 Aug 1;81(2): pp 318-356.
Holshue ML, DeBolt C, Lindquist S, Lofy KH, Wiesman J, Bruce H, Spitters C, Ericson K, Wilkerson S, Tural A, Diaz G. First case of 2019 novel coronavirus in the United States. New England journal of medicine. 2020 Jan 31.
Balaratnasingam S, Janca A. Mass hysteria revisited. Current Opinion in Psychiatry. 2006 Mar 1;19(2): pp 171-174.
Özdin S, Bayrak Özdin Ş. Levels and predictors of anxiety, depression and health anxiety during COVID-19 pandemic in Turkish society: The importance of gender. International Journal of Social Psychiatry. 2020 Aug;66(5): pp 504-511.
Kanadiya MK, Sallar AM. Preventive behaviors, beliefs, and anxieties in relation to the swine flu outbreak among college students aged 18–24 years. Journal of Public Health. 2011 Apr;19(2): pp 139-145.
Rubin CB. Long term recovery from disasters--The neglected component of emergency management. Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management. 2009 Jul 6;6(1).
Bakker A, Wagner D. Pandemic: lessons for today and tomorrow?. Educational Studies in Mathematics. 2020 May;104(1): pp 1-4.
Pappas S. How will people react to the new financial crisis. American Psychological Association. 2020 Apr 6.
Coibion O, Gorodnichenko Y, Weber M. The cost of the covid-19 crisis: Lockdowns, macroeconomic expectations, and consumer spending. National Bureau of Economic Research; 2020 May 11.
Yetgin D, Benligiray S. The effect of economic anxiety and occupational burnout levels of tour guides on their occupational commitment. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research. 2019 Apr 3;24(4): pp 333-347.
Shah AS, Wood R, Gribben C, Caldwell D, Bishop J, Weir A, Kennedy S, Reid M, Smith-Palmer A, Goldberg D, McMenamin J. Risk of hospital admission with coronavirus disease 2019 in healthcare workers and their households: nationwide linkage cohort study. bmj. 2020 Oct 28: pp 371.
Goyal K, Chauhan P, Chhikara K, Gupta P, Singh MP. Fear of COVID 2019: First suicidal case in India.
Mahmud MS, Talukder MU, Rahman SM. Does ‘Fear of COVID-19’trigger future career anxiety? An empirical investigation considering depression from COVID-19 as a mediator. International Journal of Social Psychiatry. 2021 Feb;67(1): pp 35-45.
Choi J. Taylor, S. The psychology of pandemics: Preparing for the next global outbreak of infectious disease. Newcastle upon Tyne, UK: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. Asian Communication Research. 2020 Sep;17(2): pp 98-103.
Jun J, Tucker S, Melnyk BM. Clinician mental health and well‐being during global healthcare crises: Evidence learned from prior epidemics for COVID‐19 pandemic.
Rauwerda NL, Tovote KA, Peeters AC, Sanderman R, Emmelkamp PM, Schroevers MJ, Fleer J. WHO‐5 and BDI‐II are acceptable screening instruments for depression in people with diabetes. Diabetic medicine. 2018 Dec;35(12): pp 1678-1685.
Groarke JM, Berry E, Graham-Wisener L, McKenna-Plumley PE, McGlinchey E, Armour C. Loneliness in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic: Cross-sectional results from the COVID-19 Psychological Wellbeing Study. PloS one. 2020 Sep 24;15(9): pp e0239698.
Gassman-Pines A, Ananat EO, Fitz-Henley J. COVID-19 and parent-child psychological well-being. Pediatrics. 2020 Oct 1;146(4).
Ustun G. Determining depression and related factors in a society affected by COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Social Psychiatry. 2021 Feb;67(1): pp 54-63.
Coker AO, Coker OO, Sanni D. Psychometric properties of the 21-item depression anxiety stress scale (DASS-21). African Research Review. 2018 Jul 16;12(2): pp 135-142.
Ryff CD, Keyes CL. The structure of psychological well-being revisited. Journal of personality and social psychology. 1995 Oct;69(4): pp 719.
Sharma K, Saji J, Kumar R, Raju A. Psychological and anxiety/depression level assessment among quarantine people during Covid19 outbreak. Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2020 May 15;10(3): pp 198-201.
Lee SA, Jobe MC, Mathis AA. Mental health characteristics associated with dysfunctional coronavirus anxiety. Psychological Medicine. 2021 Jun;51(8): pp 1403-1404.
Mahmud R, Ramamohanarao K, Buyya R. Application management in fog computing environments: A taxonomy, review and future directions. ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR). 2020 Jul 22;53(4): pp 1-43.
Jassim AH, Inman DM, Mitchell CH. Crosstalk between dysfunctional mitochondria and inflammation in glaucomatous neurodegeneration. Frontiers in pharmacology. 2021 Jul 21; 12: pp 699623.
Samrah SM, Al-Mistarehi AH, Ibnian AM, Raffee LA, Momany SM, Al-Ali M, Hayajneh WA, Yusef DH, Awad SM, Khassawneh BY. COVID-19 outbreak in Jordan: Epidemiological features, clinical characteristics, and laboratory findings. Annals of medicine and surgery. 2020 Sep 1;57: pp 103-108.
Hawryluck L, Gold WL, Robinson S, Pogorski S, Galea S, Styra R. SARS control and psychological effects of quarantine, Toronto, Canada. Emerging infectious diseases. 2004 Jul;10(7): pp 1206.
Rossi R, Socci V, Talevi D, Mensi S, Niolu C, Pacitti F, Di Marco A, Rossi A, Siracusano A, Di Lorenzo G. COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown measures impact on mental health among the general population in Italy. Frontiers in psychiatry. 2020: pp 790.
Alkhamees AA, Alrashed SA, Alzunaydi AA, Almohimeed AS, Aljohani MS. The psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the general population of Saudi Arabia. Comprehensive psychiatry. 2020 Oct 1; 102: pp 152192.
Rahman MJ, Wahab MA, Nahiduzzaman M, Haque AB, Cohen P. Hilsa fishery management in Bangladesh. InIOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2020; 414(1): pp 012018.
Wathelet M, Duhem S, Vaiva G, Baubet T, Habran E, Veerapa E, Debien C, Molenda S, Horn M, Grandgenèvre P, Notredame CE. Factors associated with mental health disorders among university students in France confined during the COVID-19 pandemic. JAMA network open. 2020 Oct 1;3(10): pp e2025591- e2025591.
Lopes AR, Nihei OK. Depression, anxiety and stress symptoms in Brazilian university students during the COVID-19 pandemic: Predictors and association with life satisfaction, psychological well-being and coping strategies. PLoS One. 2021 Oct 13;16(10): pp e0258493.
Hagezom HM, Gebrehiwet AB, Goytom MH, Alemseged EA. Prevalence of depression and associated factors among quarantined individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic in Tigrai treatment and quarantine centers, Tigrai, Ethiopia, 2020: A Cross-Sectional Study. Infection and Drug Resistance. 2021 Jun 4; 14: pp 2113-2119.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Pakistan Journal of Rehabilitation
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
