Association of Depression in Patients with Fibromyalgia Syndrome
Keywords:
Fibromyalgia, fatigue syndrome, depression, depressive disorders, chronic pain, patients, bipolar depression.Abstract
Background and aim
Fibromyalgia is a complex disorder causing issues in musculoskeletal system, and interlinked with depression. The purpose of this research was to find out the association of depression in patients with diagnosed fibromyalgia in Lahore and Sargodha. To check the areas of body mostly affected with fibromyalgia and to find the depression as the risk factor for fibromyalgia.
Methodology
This study was a cross sectional design and sampling technique used were non-probability convenient sampling technique. Data was collected from hospitals of Lahore and Sargodha and sample size of this study were 87 participants. For the collection of data, 2 questionnaires was used for the investigating the symptoms of fibromyalgia. The sample size was calculated using non-probibility convenient sampling technique. Written consent was taken from the hospitals of Lahore.
Results
Overall incidence reported in patients of fibromyalgia were 11.5% with mild depression, 19.5% with moderate depression and 69% were the patients with severe depression.
Conclusion
The results of this study revealed that depression was the most common cause for developing fibromyalgia syndrome. Musculoskeletal symptoms were more common in males and females. Most common sites of developing tender points were neck, shoulder and upper back.
References
de la Vega R, Roset R, Galan S, Miro JJJoHP. Fibroline: A mobile app for improving the quality of life of young people with fibromyalgia. 2018;23(1):67-78.
Andrade A, Steffens RdAK, Vilarino GT, Sieczkowska SM, Coimbra DRJJoad. Does volume of physical exercise have an effect on depression in patients with fibromyalgia? 2017;208:214-7.
Clauw DJ, D’Arcy Y, Gebke K, Semel D, Pauer L, Jones KDJPm. Normalizing fibromyalgia as a chronic illness. 2018;130(1):9-18.
Chang M-H, Hsu J-W, Huang K-L, Su T-P, Bai Y-M, Li C-T, et al. Bidirectional association between depression and fibromyalgia syndrome: a nationwide longitudinal study. 2015;16(9):895-902.
Palagini L, Carmassi C, Conversano C, Gesi C, Bazzichi L, Giacomelli C, et al. Transdiagnostic factors across fibromyalgia and mental disorders: sleep disturbances may play a key role. A clinical review. 2016;34(96):S00.
Silva AR, Bernardo A, Costa J, Cardoso A, Santos P, de Mesquita MF, et al. Dietary interventions in fibromyalgia: a systematic review. 2019;51(sup1):2-14.
Koçyiğit BF, Okyay RAJP. The relationship between body mass index and pain, disease activity, depression and anxiety in women with fibromyalgia. 2018;6:e4917.
Işık-Ulusoy SJBJoP. Evaluation of affective temperament and anxiety-depression levels in fibromyalgia patients: a pilot study. 2019;41:428-32.
Plazier M, Ost J, Stassijns G, De Ridder D, Vanneste SJCR. Pain characteristics in fibromyalgia: understanding the multiple dimensions of pain. 2015;34(4):775-83.
Liao S-C, Ma H-M, Lin Y-L, Huang W-LJCp. Functioning and quality of life in patients with somatic symptom disorder: the association with comorbid depression. 2019;90:88-94.
Sancassiani F, Machado S, Ruggiero V, Cacace E, Carmassi C, Gesi C, et al. The management of fibromyalgia from a psychosomatic perspective: an overview. 2017;29(5):473-88.
Romano GF, Tomassi S, Russell A, Mondelli V, Pariante CMJCCitBI. Fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue: the underlying biology and related theoretical issues. 2015;34:61-77.
Fried EI, Nesse RMJBm. Depression sum-scores don’t add up: why analyzing specific depression symptoms is essential. 2015;13(1):1-11.
Pleman B, Park M, Han X, Price LL, Bannuru RR, Harvey WF, et al. Mindfulness is associated with psychological health and moderates the impact of fibromyalgia. 2019;38(6):1737-45.
Steiner JL, Bigatti SM, Slaven JE, Ang DCJJoabr. The complex relationship between pain intensity and physical functioning in fibromyalgia: the mediating role of depression. 2017;22(4):e12079.
Burke NN, Finn DP, McGuire BE, Roche MJJonr. Psychological stress in early life as a predisposing factor for the development of chronic pain: clinical and preclinical evidence and neurobiological mechanisms. 2017;95(6):1257-70.
Park M, Zhang Y, Price LL, Bannuru RR, Wang CJIjord. Mindfulness is associated with sleep quality among patients with fibromyalgia. 2020;23(3):294-301.
Serpas DG, Zettel-Watson L, Cherry BJJJoHP. Pain intensity and physical performance among individuals with fibromyalgia in mid-to-late life: The influence of depressive symptoms. 2021:13591053211009286.
King F. Forgiveness, anger and stress in patients with Fibromyalgia syndrome and controls (Doctoral dissertation, lmu).
Seto A, Han X, Price LL, Harvey WF, Bannuru RR, Wang CJCr. The role of personality in patients with fibromyalgia. 2019;38(1):149-57.
Clauw DJ, editor Fibromyalgia and related conditions. Mayo Clinic Proceedings; 2015: Elsevier.
Coppens E, Van Wambeke P, Morlion B, Weltens N, Giao Ly H, Tack J, et al. Prevalence and impact of childhood adversities and post‐traumatic stress disorder in women with fibromyalgia and chronic widespread pain. 2017;21(9):1582-90.
Özsoy-Ünübol T, Kullakci H, Ilhan I, Yilmaz F. Evaluation of Olfactory and Gustatory Functions in Patients With Fibromyalgia Syndrome: Its Relationship With Anxiety, Depression, and Alexithymia. Archives of Rheumatology. 2020 Dec;35(4):584.
Alvarez MC, Albuquerque ML, Neiva HP, Cid L, Rodrigues F, Teixeira DS, Monteiro D. Differences between Portuguese and Brazilian Patients with Fibromyalgia Syndrome: Exploring the Associations across Age, Time of Diagnosis, and Fatigue-Related Symptoms. Medicina. 2021 Apr;57(4):322.
Carta MG, Moro MF, Pinna FL, Testa G, Cacace E, Ruggiero V, et al. The impact of fibromyalgia syndrome and the role of comorbidity with mood and post-traumatic stress disorder in worsening the quality of life. 2018;64(7):647-55.
Jones GT, Atzeni F, Beasley M, Flüß E, Sarzi‐Puttini P, Macfarlane GJJA, et al. The prevalence of fibromyalgia in the general population: a comparison of the American College of Rheumatology 1990, 2010, and modified 2010 classification criteria. 2015;67(2):568-75.
Nelson S, Cunningham N, Peugh J, Jagpal A, Arnold LM, Lynch‐Jordan A, et al. Clinical profiles of young adults with juvenile‐onset fibromyalgia with and without a history of trauma. 2017;69(11):1636-43.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Pakistan Journal of Rehabilitation
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
