Curcumin has Curative Effect on Isoniazid-Rifampicin Induced Hepatotoxicity

Abstract

Background: Anti-tuberculosis drugs-induced hepatotoxicity is associated with oxidative stress. Curcumin is a powerful antioxidant and has been found to protect the liver from the damaging effects of oxidative stress. The study aimed to assess the curative and protective effects of Curcumin against hepatotoxicity induced by anti TB- drugs (Isoniazid-Rifampicin) by using an experimental model of Albino rabbits.

Methods: Albino rabbits(n=24) were divided into four groups. Group A was the control group, Group B administered Isoniazid (INH) (50 mg/kg/d) and Rifampicin (RMP) (100 mg/kg) alone, Group C received both INH+RMP and Curcumin (60 mg/kg) before and during induction. Group D received INH (50 mg/kg/d) and RMP (100 mg/kg/d) for 7 days, followed by 7 days of Curcumin (60 mg/kg/d). Biochemical testing and liver morphological histopathology was done for all groups. All values were recorded in mean ± standard deviation.

Results: Anti-Tuberculosis drugs increased Alanine Transaminase (ALT), Aspartate Transaminase level (AST), Alkaline Phosphatase level (ALP), Total Bilirubin, and Albumin 62.0±2.5, 172.5±1.0, 128±1.5, 0.80±0.05, 5.00±0.5 respectively and decreased Total protein levels (2.05±1.0). Whereas, Curcumin lowered liver enzymes 37.0±2.8, 126.12±1.5, 90.5±1.0, 0.40±0.01, 3.50±0.5 respectively, and increased levels of total protein (5.00±0.5). Group A exhibited normal liver morphology, whereas, Group B had ballooning degeneration, focal cell necrosis, and liver inflammation. Group C had moderate fatty liver but no centrilobular degeneration or focal cell necrosis and Group D exhibited minor liver inflammation and normal liver morphology.

Conclusion: Curcumin was found preventative and therapeutic remedy which can be used for the treatment of hepatotoxicity.

Keywords: Curcumin; Hepatotoxicity; Hepatoprotective; Isoniazid; Rifampicin.