The Efficacy of JJ Stent on Stone Free Rate After Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy: A Retrospective Study

Abstract

Background: Double J stent is used to prevent complications after extra corporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) like ureteric obstruction. Extent the ureteral stent affects stone fragments passage in patients, with renal stone, who had shock wave lithotripsy. Therefore, the objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of Double J stent on stone clearance after extra corporeal shockwave lithotripsy.

Methods: A total of 194 patients with pelvic renal stones were treated with extra corporeal shockwave Lithotripsy, divided into two groups: Group 1 represents n= 97, 50%, patients with double-J (DJ) stent while, Group 2 n= 97, 50%, patients without DJ stent. These patients were further subdivided into two more groups as per stone burden: Group A n=184, 94.4% hold the stone size of ≤ 1.0 cm – 2.0 cm and Group B, n=11, 5.6% consisted of 2.1 cm – 3.0 cm stone size. The effect of DJ stent on stone passage was evaluated by statistical analysis included Chi-squared, Mann-Whitney U test, Cross-Tabulation and p-value=0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: Among 194 patients, the male: female ratio was 136(69.7%):55 (30.0%) with a mean age of 42.77±14.24. Single and multiple stones were present in 133(68.2%) and 62(31.8%) respectively. In cross-tab analysis stone clearance rates were 83(42.7%) with DJ stenting while 14 (7.2%) stones were pending, similarly, 87(44.8%) were stone free without DJ stenting and 10(5.1%) were pending. Large stones were reportedly more prone to complications such as hematuria and loin pain (p=0.074).

Conclusion: Stone free rate is significantly higher in the non-stented group than in stented with pelvic renal stone.

Keywords: Renal Stones; DJ Stents; Lithotripsy; DJ Stent Complications.